Articles

Proceedings of the International Cancer Imaging Society (ICIS) 16th Annual Teaching Course

O1 Tumour heterogeneity: what does it mean?

Authors: Dow-Mu Koh, Sue Creviston Kaste, Sarah J. Vinnicombe, Giovanni Morana, Andrea Rossi, Christian J. Herold, Theresa C. McLoud, Kirk A. Frey, Bernhard Gebauer, Derek Roebuck, Jurgen J. Fütterer, Alexander J. Towbin, Thierry A. G. Huisman, Anne M. J. B. Smets, Giovanni Morana, Jeong Min Lee…

C-arm computed tomography and volume perfusion computed tomography (VPCT)-based assessment of blood volume changes in hepatocellular carcinoma in prediction of midterm tumor response to transarterial chemoembolization: a single center retrospective trial

This study aims to evaluate immediate changes in perfusion parameters in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in C-arm computed tomography (CT) and volume perfusion CT (VPCT...

Authors: Roland Syha, Sergios Gatidis, Gerd Grözinger, Ulrich Grosse, Michael Maurer, Lars Zender, Marius Horger, Konstantin Nikolaou and Dominik Ketelsen

A study on the value of computer-assisted assessment for SPECT/CT-scans in sentinel lymph node diagnostics of penile cancer as well as clinical reliability and morbidity of this procedure

Because of the increasing importance of computer-assisted post processing of image data in modern medical diagnostic we studied the value of an algorithm for assessment of single photon emission computed tomog...

Authors: Ulf Lützen, Carsten Maik Naumann, Marlies Marx, Yi Zhao, Michael Jüptner, René Baumann, László Papp, Norbert Zsótér, Alexey Aksenov, Klaus-Peter Jünemann and Maaz Zuhayra

Detection of a second malignancy in prostate cancer patients by using [¹⁸F]Choline PET/CT: a case series

The role of radiolabeled choline (Cho) in patients with biochemical recurrence after radical treatment for prostate cancer (PCa) is well established. Its widespread clinical use has prompted the depiction of i...

Authors: Martina Sollini, Francesco Pasqualetti, Marzio Perri, Gabriele Coraggio, Paolo Castellucci, Massimo Roncali, Roberto Boni, Elena Lazzeri, Maria Galeandro, Fabiola Paiar, Annibale Versari and Paola Anna Erba

A method to assess image quality for Low-dose PET: analysis of SNR, CNR, bias and image noise

Lowering injected dose will have an effect on PET image quality. In this article, we aim to investigate this effect in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the liver, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in the le...

Authors: Jianhua Yan, Josh Schaefferkoetter, Maurizio Conti and David Townsend

Diagnostic value of 3.0T ¹H MRS with choline-containing compounds ratio (∆CCC) in primary malignant hepatic tumors

The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of 3.0-T ¹H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H MRS) in primary malignant hepatic tumors and to compare the effects of ¹H MRS on the diagnostic ac...

Authors: Li Zhang, Xinming Zhao, Han Ouyang, Shuang Wang and Chunwu Zhou

Gallium-68 perfusion positron emission tomography/computed tomography to assess pulmonary function in lung cancer patients undergoing surgery

Pre-operative evaluation of lung cancer patients relies on calculation of predicted post-operative (PPO) lung function based on split lung function testing. Pulmonary perfusion (Q) PET/CT can now be performed ...

Authors: Pierre-Yves Le Roux, Tracy L. Leong, Stephen A Barnett, Rodney J. Hicks, Jason Callahan, Peter Eu, Renee Manser and Michael S. Hofman

Functional MRI for the prediction of treatment response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: potential and limitations

Pre-treatment or early intra-treatment prediction of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) who are likely to have tumours that are resistant to chemoradiotherapy (CRT) would enable treat...

Authors: Ann D. King and Harriet C. Thoeny

⁶⁸Ga-DOTATATE and ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in Paraganglioma and Pheochromocytoma: utility, patterns and heterogeneity

Pheochromocytomas (PCC) and paragangliomas (PGL) are neuroendocrine tumours arising from pluripotent neural crest stem cells and are associated with neurons of the autonomic nervous system. PCCs/PGLs are often...

Authors: Chian A. Chang, David A. Pattison, Richard W. Tothill, Grace Kong, Tim J. Akhurst, Rodney J. Hicks and Michael S. Hofman

MRI of paediatric liver tumours: How we review and report

Liver tumours are fortunately rare in children. Benign tumours such as haemangiomas and cystic mesenchymal hamartomas are typically seen in infancy, often before 6 months of age. After that age, malignant hepa...

Authors: Susan C. Shelmerdine, Derek J. Roebuck, Alexander J. Towbin and Kieran McHugh

Cross-sectional imaging in cancers of the head and neck: how we review and report

Cancer of the head and neck is the sixth most frequent cancer worldwide and associated with significant morbidity. The head and neck area is complex and divided into various anatomical and functional subunits....

Authors: Dechen Wangmo Tshering Vogel and Harriet C. Thoeny

CT in ovarian cancer staging: how to review and report with emphasis on abdominal and pelvic disease for surgical planning

CT of the abdomen and pelvis is the first line imaging modality for staging, selecting treatment options and assessing disease response in ovarian cancer. The staging CT provides disease distribution, disease ...

Authors: Anju Sahdev

Evaluation of locoregional invasiveness of small-sized non-small cell lung cancers by enhanced dual-energy computed tomography

To investigate the correlation between iodine-related attenuation of dual-energy computed tomography (DE-CT) and the histopathological invasiveness of surgically resected primary non-small cell lung cancers (N...

Authors: Hironori Shimamoto, Shingo Iwano, Hiroyasu Umakoshi, Koji Kawaguchi and Shinji Naganawa

How I report breast magnetic resonance imaging studies for breast cancer staging and screening

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the breast is the most sensitive imaging technique for the diagnosis and local staging of primary breast cancer and yet, despite the fact that it has been in use for 20 year...

Authors: Sarah Vinnicombe

Dynamic contrast enhanced CT in nodule characterization: How we review and report

Incidental indeterminate solitary pulmonary nodules (SPN) that measure less than 3 cm in size are an increasingly common finding on computed tomography (CT) worldwide. Once identified there are a number of ima...

Authors: Nagmi R. Qureshi, Andrew Shah, Rosemary J. Eaton, Ken Miles and Fiona J. Gilbert

Advanced abdominal imaging with dual energy CT is feasible without increasing radiation dose

Dual energy CT (DECT) has proven its potential in oncological imaging. Considering the repeated follow-up examinations, radiation dose should not exceed conventional single energy CT (SECT). Comparison studies...

Authors: Monika Uhrig, David Simons, Marc Kachelrieß, Francesco Pisana, Stefan Kuchenbecker and Heinz-Peter Schlemmer

⁶⁸Ga-PSMA ligand PET/CT in patients with prostate cancer: How we review and report

Recently, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using PSMA-ligands has gained high attention as a promising new radiotracer in patients with prostate cancer (PC). Several studies promise accurate staging ...

Authors: Isabel Rauscher, Tobias Maurer, Wolfgang P. Fendler, Wieland H. Sommer, Markus Schwaiger and Matthias Eiber

Translational research in diagnosis and management of soft tissue tumours

Finding a soft tissue mass in the superficial regions is a common event in daily clinical practice. Correct management of the diagnostic process is crucial to avoid blunders. Diagnosis is posed by pathology, a...

Authors: Eugenio Rimondi, Maria Serena Benassi, Alberto Bazzocchi, Alba Balladelli, Giancarlo Facchini, Giuseppe Rossi, Sophie Taieb and Daniel Vanel

Comparison of qualitative and semiquantitative strain elastography in breast lesions for diagnostic accuracy

Strain elastography can be purely qualitative or semiquantitative using both strain score and strain ratio. The aim of this study was to establish the accuracy of semiquantitative elastography using both strai...

Authors: Timothy Musila Mutala, Purity Ndaiga and Angeline Aywak

MRI of endometrium cancer – how we do it

Endometrial cancer is the most common malignancy of the female pelvis. New concepts in endometrial cancer treatment emphasize the value of MRI as a major predictor of lymph node metastasis and tumour recurrenc...

Authors: Matthias Meissnitzer and Rosemarie Forstner

How to use CT texture analysis for prognostication of non-small cell lung cancer

Patients with non-small cell lung cancer frequently demonstrate differing clinical courses, even when they express the same tumour stage. Additional markers of prognostic significance could allow further strat...

Authors: Kenneth A. Miles

Prostate MRI based on PI-RADS version 2: how we review and report

Prostate imaging and interpretation is based on prostate imaging reporting and data system version 2 (PI-RADS™ v2) providing clinical guidelines for multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) of the pr...

Authors: Philipp Steiger and Harriet C. Thoeny

How I read cancer imaging studies: the master class series

The generation of a report of findings and a conclusion for an imaging study is a fundamental process in the diagnostic work-up of cancer patients and plays a critical role in treatment decisions. It is theref...

Authors: Rodney J. Hicks

Chest CT for suspected pulmonary complications of oncologic therapies: how I review and report

In cancer patient during or following oncologic therapies with respiratory symptoms and pulmonary pathology at chest CT the differential diagnosis includes infection, therapy-induced disease and tumour progres...

Authors: Stefan Diederich

Evaluation of fluorescence imaging with indocyanine green in hepatocellular carcinoma

We hypothesized that indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence patterns using Clairvivo OPT in resected liver specimens could confirm hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) better than earlier commercial imaging systems. T...

Authors: Masaki Kaibori, Kosuke Matsui, Morihiko Ishizaki, Hiroya Iida, Tatsuma Sakaguchi, Takumi Tsuda, Tadayoshi Okumura, Kentaro Inoue, Shingo Shimada, Seiji Ohtsubo, Mitsuo Kusano, Yuzuru Ikehara, Eiichi Ozeki, Tomoki Kitawaki and Masanori Kon

Volume-based growth tumor kinetics as a prognostic biomarker for patients with EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinoma undergoing EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy: a case control study

We aim to determine whether volumetric assessment has the potential to serve as a prognostic biomarker, and to assess the relationship between longitudinal tumor data during treatment and prognosis in lung ade...

Authors: Ji Hyun Lee, Ho Yun Lee, Myung-Ju Ahn, Keunchil Park, Jin Seok Ahn, Jong-Mu Sun and Kyung Soo Lee

Functional imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma using diffusion-weighted MRI and ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in patients on waiting-list for liver transplantation

To compare the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with the standardized uptake values (SUV) measured by¹⁸F-FDG-PET/CT in naïve hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) nodules, and to ...

Authors: Samia Boussouar, Emmanuel Itti, Shih-Jui Lin, Thomas Decaens, Eva Evangelista, Melanie Chiaradia, Julia Chalaye, Laurence Baranes, Julien Calderaro, Alexis Laurent, Frederic Pigneur, Christophe Duvoux, Daniel Azoulay, Charlotte Costentin, Alain Rahmouni and Alain Luciani

Differentiation of epithelial ovarian cancer subtypes by use of imaging and clinical data: a detailed analysis

Primary epithelial ovarian carcinoma is sub-classified into serous, mucinous, endometrioid and clear cell subtypes. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has become an alternative treatment option past several years, as se...

Authors: Yumiko Oishi Tanaka, Satoshi Okada, Toyomi Satoh, Koji Matsumoto, Akinori Oki, Tsukasa Saida, Hiroyuki Yoshikawa and Manabu Minami

Cancer Imaging reviewer acknowledgement 2015

The Editor of Cancer Imaging would like to thank all reviewers who have contributed their time and expertise to the journal in Volume 15 (2015).

Authors: Rodney J. Hicks

Intravoxel incoherent motion MRI as a biomarker of sorafenib treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a pilot study

To evaluate the association between the therapeutic outcomes of sorafenib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the parameters of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM).

Authors: Natsuhiko Shirota, Kazuhiro Saito, Katsutoshi Sugimoto, Kenichi Takara, Fuminori Moriyasu and Koichi Tokuuye

C-arm computed tomography parenchymal blood volume measurement in evaluation of hepatocellular carcinoma before transarterial chemoembolization with drug eluting beads

C-arm computed tomography (CT) guided intervention is an increasingly applied technique in transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to analyse the val...

Authors: Roland Syha, Gerd Grözinger, Ulrich Grosse, Michael Maurer, Lars Zender, Marius Horger, Konstantin Nikolaou and Dominik Ketelsen

Prediction of occult lymph node metastasis using volume-based PET parameters in small-sized peripheral non-small cell lung cancer

Patients with small-sized peripheral non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but without lymph node metastasis, may be optimal candidates for sublobar resection. We aim to identify the predictors of occult lymph n...

Authors: Seong Yong Park, Joon-Kee Yoon, Kwang Joo Park and Su Jin Lee

Image findings of cranial nerve pathology on [18F]-2- deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography with computerized tomography (PET/CT): a pictorial essay

This article aims to increase awareness about the utility of ¹⁸F -FDG-PET/CT in the evaluation of cranial nerve (CN) pathology. We discuss the clinical implication of detecting perineural tumor spread, emphasize ...

Authors: Osama A. Raslan, Razi Muzaffar, Vilaas Shetty and Medhat M. Osman

Prognostic significance of ¹⁸FDG PET/CT in colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases: a meta-analysis

The role of 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography CT (¹⁸FDG PET/CT), as a prognostic factor for survival in colorectal cancer patients with liver metastases, is still controversial. We sought to perf...

Authors: Qian Xia, Jianjun Liu, Cheng Wu, Shaoli Song, Linjun Tong, Gang Huang, Yuanbo Feng, Yansheng Jiang, Yewei Liu, Ting Yin and Yicheng Ni

Evidence-based medicine and clinical fluorodeoxyglucose PET/MRI in oncology

Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging (PET/MRI) is a hybrid of two technologies each with its own evidence for clinical effectiveness. This article amalgamates evidence for clinical effective...

Authors: Kenneth Miles, Liam McQueen, Stanley Ngai and Phillip Law

Changes of lung tumour volume on CT - prediction of the reliability of assessments

For oncological evaluations, quantitative radiology gives clinicians significant insight into patients’ response to therapy. In regard to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST), the classif...

Authors: Hubert Beaumont, Simon Souchet, Jean Marc Labatte, Antoine Iannessi and Anthony William Tolcher

The value of the FDG-GaTate and proliferation marker (ki-67) in the assessment of neuroendocrine tumours (NETs)

Authors: AS Fathinul Fikri, JN Abdul, S Ramdave and R Syafik-Eid

Dual-energy CT in oncology: technical principles and clinical prospects

Authors: D Simons, M Kachelrieß and HP Schlemmer

Imaging of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: moving beyond “lumpology” with SSTR, FDG and MIBG molecular imaging

Authors: MS Hofman, D Pattison and RJ Hicks

Value of DWI volumetry for assessment of complete rectal cancer response after CRT

Authors: M Nazar, A Vazquez, L Alarcon, M Pascuzzi, M Wirtz and E Eyheremendy

Female pelvic malignancy: spectrum encountered in district hospital: an aid to a general radiologist

Authors: D Santosh and A Butler

Role of high resolution MR in assessment of cervical uterine carcinoma: staging, treatment planning and correlation with histopathology findings

Authors: MF Grana, M Nazar, F Saguier, M Di Cecco, F Troncoso, E Eyheremendy, S De Luca, L Tolkachier and M Wirtz

The value of ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA enhanced PET-CT and MR-PET in patients with biochemical recurrent prostate cancer

Authors: E Rummeny, K Holzapel, T Maurer, G Weirich, E Gschwend and M Eiber

Paediatric renal tumors

Authors: Alexander J Towbin

Chemo cured the cancer: what about the patient?

Authors: Nina Tunariu

Radiogenomics of glioblastoma: a window into its imaging and molecular variability

Authors: A Mahajan, A V Moiyadi, R Jalali and E Sridhar

An imaging review of extramedullary myeloma

Authors: M Kay, A King, B Shepherd, E Rutherford, J Smart and K Tung

Small bowel masses

Authors: Gabriele Masselli

Role of molecular functional imaging in present era of evidence based cancer medicine: to image or to imagine?

Authors: A Mahajan, G Cook, V Goh, S Basu, M Thakur and A Weeks

Oxygen-enhanced MRI can accurately identify, quantify and map tumour hypoxia in preclinical models

Authors: JPB O'Connor, JKR Boult, Y Jamin, M Babur, KG Finegan, KJ Williams, AR Reynolds, RA Little, A Jackson, GJM Parker, JC Waterton and SP Robinson