Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients in the training and validation cohorts
Characteristic | Training cohort (n = 169) | Validation cohort (n = 111) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Recurrence | Â | Â | 0.941 |
Absence | 115 (68.0) | 76 (68.5) | Â |
Presence | 54 (32.0) | 35 (31.5) | Â |
Clinicopathologic features | Â | Â | Â |
Age (years)a | 40.25 ± 13.71 | 41.47 ± 13.49 | 0.466 |
Sex | Â | Â | 0.479 |
Male | 54 (32.0) | 40 (36.0) | Â |
female | 115 (68.0) | 71 (64.0) | Â |
Tumor size (mm)a | 20.36 ± 10.20 | 22.31 ± 11.85 | 0.156 |
Bilaterality | Â | Â | 0.572 |
Absence | 85 (50.3) | 52 (46.8) | Â |
Presence | 84 (49.7) | 59 (53.2) | Â |
Multifocality | Â | Â | 0.383 |
Absence | 65 (38.5) | 37 (33.3) | Â |
Presence | 104 (61.5) | 74 (66.7) | Â |
Extrathyroidal extension | Â | Â | 0.161 |
Absence | 13 (7.7) | 4 (3.6) | Â |
Presence | 156 (92.3) | 107 (96.4) | Â |
Number of metastatic LNb | 11 (5–19) | 10 (4–19) | 0.874 |
Concomitant thyroid disease | Â | Â | 0.107 |
Neither | 43 (25.4) | 30 (27.0) | Â |
Nodular goiter | 80 (47.3) | 62 (55.9) | Â |
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis | 41 (24.3) | 14 (12.6) |  |
Both | 5 (3.0) | 5 (4.5) | Â |
Surgical option | Â | Â | 0.302 |
Total thyroidectomy | 140 (82.8) | 97 (87.4) | Â |
Subtotal or semi-total thyroidectomy | 29 (17.2) | 14 (12.6) | Â |
T stage | Â | Â | 0.697 |
T1a | 3 (1.8) | 0 (0) | Â |
T1b | 6 (3.6) | 3 (2.7) | Â |
T2 | 2 (1.2) | 1 (0.9) | Â |
T3 | 137 (81.1) | 96 (86.5) | Â |
T4a | 21 (12.4) | 11 (9.9) | Â |
N stage | Â | Â | 0.897 |
N0 | 17 (10.1) | 10 (9.0) | Â |
N1a | 23 (13.6) | 17 (15.3) | Â |
N1b | 129 (76.3) | 84 (75.7) | Â |
131I radiotherapy | Â | Â | 0.359 |
Not received | 88 (52.1) | 64 (57.7) | Â |
Received | 81 (47.9) | 47 (42.3) | Â |
Family history | Â | Â | 0.385 |
Absence | 159 (94.1) | 107 (96.4) | Â |
Presence | 10 (5.9) | 4 (3.6) | Â |
CT features | Â | Â | Â |
Shape | Â | Â | 0.594 |
Regular | 30 (17.8) | 17 (15.3) | Â |
Irregular | 139 (82.2) | 94 (84.7) | Â |
Margin | Â | Â | 0.588 |
Well-defined | 24 (14.2) | 19 (17.1) | Â |
Ill-defined | 145 (85.8) | 92 (82.9) | Â |
Calcification | Â | Â | 0.172 |
Absence | 81 (47.9) | 44 (39.6) | Â |
Presence | 88 (52.1) | 67 (60.4) | Â |
CT-reported LN status | Â | Â | 0.291 |
Negative | 35 (20.7) | 29 (26.1) | Â |
Positive | 134 (79.3) | 82 (73.9) | Â |