Semi-quantitative FDG parameters predict survival in multiple myeloma patients without autologous stem cell transplantation

Table 4 Univariate Cox regression analysis for OS in subjects who did not receive ASCT (n = 104)

Variable	Categories	HR (95% CI)	P value	Log-rank
Sex	Male	0.91 (0.51–1.62)	0.748	0.747
Age	< 67	1.00		0.224
	67–70	0.62 (0.30–1.28)	0.192
	≥ 70	1.08 (0.54–2.18)	0.821
Age, continuous	Per 1 year	0.99 (0.95–1.02)	0.436
Chemotherapy regimen	VTD	1.00		0.204
	VMP	0.77 (0.34–1.75)	0.002
	Other 3-drugs*	3.45 (0.71–16.83)	0.126
	Miscellaneous	0.82 (0.35–1.94)	0.649
Radiotherapy	Yes	1.01 (0.36–2.83)	0.979	0.977
R-ISS stage	I	1.00		0.085
	II	1.67 (0.80–3.46)	0.170
	III	2.59 (1.10–6.11)	0.030
Hypercalcemia	Yes	0.85 (0.26–2.73)	0.780	0.779
Renal insufficiency	Yes	0.99 (0.51–1.91)	0.973	0.971
Anemia	Yes	1.51 (0.85–2.69)	0.163	0.159
Bone lesions positive	Yes	2.08 (0.82–5.27)	0.122	0.112
Extramedullary disease	Yes	1.81 (0.94–3.50)	0.077	0.073
FDG parameter
- SUVmax	High	2.57 (1.44–4.59)	0.001	0.001
- SUVmax, continuous	Per 1 g/ml	1.08 (1.03–1.14)	0.002
- SUVmean	High	2.65 (1.49–4.72)	0.001	0.001
- SUVmean, continuous	Per 1 g/ml	1.77 (1.25–2.49)	0.001
- MTV	High	2.51 (1.30–4.84)	0.006	0.005
- MTV, continuous	Per 1 cm ³	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	0.002
- TLG	High	2.84 (1.59–5.08)	< 0.001	< 0.001
- TLG, continuous	Per 1	1.00 (1.00–1.00)	0.001
- FL	> 3	1.99 (1.10–3.59)	0.022	0.020

OS: overall survival; ASCT: autologous stem cell transplantation; HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval; VTD: bortezomib, thalidomide, dexamethasone; VMP: bortezomib, melphalan, prednisone; R-ISS: Revised Multiple Myeloma International Staging System; SUVmax: maximal standardized uptake value; SUVmean: mean standardized uptake value; MTV: metabolic tumor volume; TLG: total lesion glycolysis; FL: focal lesion. *Three-drug regimens other than VTD or VMP.

ISSN: 1470-7330