Table 1 Clinical and CT characteristics for patients
Characteristics | Training cohort (n = 469) | External test cohort (n = 219) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (y) Median (IQR) | 66(59–74) | 65(58–72) | 0.083 |
Gender Male Female | 469(100.0) 0(0.0) | 175(79.9) 44(20.1) | <0.001 |
Grade Low grade High grade | 170(36.2) 299(63.8) | 87(39.7) 132(60.3) | 0.380 |
T stage ≤ T1 >T1 | 306(65.2) 163(34.8) | 170(77.6) 49(22.4) | 0.001 |
N stage N0 N1 N2 N3 | 436(93.0) 22(4.7) 8(1.7) 3(0.6) | 213(97.3) 4(1.8) 1(0.5) 1(0.5) | 0.137 |
M stage M0 M1 | 466(99.4) 3(0.6) | 219(100.0) 0(0.0) | 0.555 |
Shape Cauliflower Papillary Irregular | 228(48.6) 116(24.7) 125(26.7) | 167(76.3) 33(15.1) 19(8.7) | <0.001 |
Size (cm) Median (IQR) | 3.0(1.9–4.5) | 2.4(1.7–3.4) | <0.001 |
Calcification No Yes | 395(84.2) 74(15.8) | 186(84.9) 33(15.1) | 0.811 |
Cystic necrosis No Yes | 429(91.5) 40(8.5) | 195(89.0) 24(11.0) | 0.307 |
Boundary No Yes | 186(39.7) 283(60.3) | 7(3.2) 212(96.8) | <0.001 |
Stalk No Yes | 375(80.0) 94(20.0) | 81(37.0) 138(63.0) | <0.001 |
Extramural infiltration No Yes | 412(87.8) 57(12.2) | 195(89.0) 24(11.0) | 0.651 |
RLN metastasis No Yes | 446(95.1) 23(4.9) | 214(97.7) 5(2.3) | 0.105 |
LCTV-C (HU) Median (IQR) | 58.6(47.0–73.0) | 67.0(58.0–81.0) | <0.001 |
LCTV-N (HU) Median (IQR) | 73.0(63.0-86.3) | 75.0(65.0–91.0) | 0.029 |
LCTV-E (HU) Median (IQR) | 72.1(62.0–85.0) | 76.0(63.0–95.0) | 0.006 |