The solid component within part-solid nodules: 3-dimensional quantification, correlation with the malignant grade of nonmucinous pulmonary adenocarcinomas, and comparisons with 2-dimentional measures and semantic features in low-dose computed tomography

Table 2 Characteristics of low-risk and high-risk nonmucinous pulmonary adenocarcinomas that manifesting as part-solid nodules in the training and testing cohorts

Characteristic	Training cohort		P	Testing cohort		P
Characteristic	Low-risk (n = 77)	High-risk (n = 162)	P	Low-risk (n = 28)	High-risk (n = 59)	P
Gender			0.661			0.487
Male	28	53		10	27
Female	49	109		18	32
Age	58.2 ± 10.9	59.0 ± 11.4	0.718	59.1 ± 10.6	58.2 ± 11.9	0.696
Shape			0.999			0.264
Round/oval	2	4		4	4
Irregular	75	158		24	55
Margin			0.999			0.591
Smooth	1	2		2	2
Coarse	76	160		28	57
Lobulation			< 0.001			0.074
No	39	17		12	13
Yes	38	145		16	46
Spiculation			0.553			0.548
No	77	159		28	56
Yes	0	3		0	3
Pleural indentation			< 0.001			0.036
No	47	50		16	19
Yes	30	112		12	40
Air bronchogram			< 0.001			0.051
No	63	76		23	35
Yes	14	86		5	24
Vacuole			0.130			0.999
No	74	146		23	48
Yes	3	16		5	11
Vessel convergence			< 0.001			0.036
No	59	79		25	40
Yes	18	83		3	19
Maximal diameter (mm)	16.1 ± 6.5	20.8 ± 7.0	< 0.001	15.3 ± 6.7	21.2 ± 6.3	< 0.001
CTR (%)	38.9 ± 12.6	54.1 ± 15.9	< 0.001	42.6 ± 14.3	57.7 ± 20.8	0.001
Volume (mm³)	1722.4 ± 1933.2	2821.6 ± 2293.5	< 0.001	1453.8 ± 1456.3	3217.4 ± 2585.6	< 0.001
Mean attenuation (HU)	-582.4 ± 86.7	-419.6 ± 117.6	< 0.001	-547.8 ± 91.8	-416.8 ± 124.8	< 0.001
CTRV_− 250HU (%)	6.7 ± 7.1	27.4 ± 16.7	< 0.001	8.7 ± 9.4	27.6 ± 17.3	< 0.001

CTR, consolidation-to-tumor ratio; HU, Hounsfield unit; CTRV, consolidation/tumor ratio of volume

ISSN: 1470-7330