Table 2 Univariate and multivariate associations of baseline data and spectral CT parameters with Overall survival

IoD

1.383 (1.268–1.508)

 < 0.001

1.238(1.089–1.408)

 < 0.001

CS

2.347 (1.845–2.985)

 < 0.001

1.314 (0.849–2.034)

0.219

CEA

2.284 (1.483–3.517)

 < 0.001

1.670 (1.016–2.745)

0.043

 ≥ 31.7 ng/mL versus < 31.7 ng/mL

BLD (mm)

1.025 (1.010–1.040)

 < 0.001

1.022 (1.005–1.038)

0.010

Boundary

1.112 (0.738–1.675)

0.612

Clear versus Unclear

Texture

0.866 (0.573–1.310)

0.496

Homogeneous versus Heterogeneous

Shape

0.749 (0.493–1.141)

0.179

Round versus lobulated

Liver oligometastasis

0.991 (0.636–1.547)

0.971

No and Yes

Histologic grade of the primary tumor

0.630 (0.415–0.956)

0.029

1.103 (0.686–1.775)

0.686

Well/moderately differentiated versus Others

K-RAS

3.057 (1.954–4.781)

 < 0.001

2.027 (1.192–3.449)

0.009

Mutant versus Wild type

Location of the primary tumor

1.305 (0.867–1.964)

0.203

Colon versus Rectal

Clinical T stage of the primary tumor

2.158 (1.396–3.336)

 < 0.001

0.992 (0.594–1.656)

0.975

T4 versus T2/T3

Clinical N stage of the primary tumor

1.945 (1.277–2.962)

0.002

1.565 (0.989–2.474)

0.056

N2 versus N1-0

Type of liver metastasis

1.857 (1.218–2.832)

0.004

1.877 (1.179–2.988)

0.008

Metachronous versus Synchronous

Sites of metastases

1.150 (0.694–1.908)

0.587

Liver and extrahepatic versus Liver only

Systemic therapy scheme

1.167 (0.551–1.333)

0.493

FOLFOX versus FOLFIRI

2-RECIST1.1

1.103 (0.481–2.530)

0.817

R + versus R-