Table 1 Baseline and MSCT Characteristics of Patients with PDAC
Characteristics | Training cohort | Validation cohort | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LN-negative (n = 81) | LN-positive (n = 99) | P value | LN-negative (n = 26) | LN-positive (n = 19) | P value | |
Age (y, mean ± SD) | 61.7 ± 7.2 | 59.6 ± 9.8 | 0.115 | 62.9 ± 8.1 | 64.1 ± 7.3 | 0.620 |
BMI (kg/m2, mean ± SD) | 22.6 ± 2.8 | 22.6 ± 2.6 | 0.999 | 23.17 ± 3.0 | 22.5 ± 2.4 | 0.422 |
Sex | ||||||
 Male | 47 (58.0) | 60 (60.6) | 0.726 | 16 (61.5) | 14 (73.7) | 0.393 |
 Female | 34 (42.0) | 39 (39.4) | 10 (38.5) | 5 (26.3) | ||
 CA19–9 (μg/L, median, min-max) | 332.1 (71.6–1066.6) | 293.5 (103.7–1200.0) | 0.479 | 278.4 (13.6–1200.0) | 305.5 (41.8–1200.0) | 0.926 |
CA 19–9 | ||||||
  < 1000 μg/L | 57 (70.4) | 65 (65.7) | 0.501 | 17 (65.4) | 13 (68.4) | 0.831 |
 ≥1000 μg/L | 24 (29.6) | 34 (34.3) | 9 (34.6) | 6 (31.6) | ||
T stage | ||||||
 T1 | 14 (17.3) | 8 (8.1) | 0.158 | 5 (19.2) | 0 | 0.157 |
 T2 | 15 (18.5) | 23 (23.2) | 5 (19.2) | 5 (26.3) | ||
 T3–4 | 52 (64.2) | 68 (68.7) | 16 (61.5) | 14 (73.7) | ||
M stage | ||||||
 M0 | 80 (98.8) | 91 (91.9) | 0.043 | 23 (88.5) | 19 (100.0) | 0.068 |
 M1 | 1 (1.23) | 8 (8.1) | 0 | 3 (11.5) | ||
Differentiation grade | ||||||
 Well to moderately | 65 (80.3) | 85 (85.9) | 0.315 | 23 (88.5) | 12 (63.2) | 0.070 |
 Poorly to undifferentiated | 16 (19.8) | 14 (14.14) | 3 (11.5) | 7 (36.8) | ||
Surgery | ||||||
 Pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy | 2 (2.47) | 10 (10.1) | 0.133 | 2 (7.7) | 2 (10.5) | 0.781 |
 Pancreatoduodenectomy | 43 (53.1) | 53 (53.5) | 14 (53.9) | 9 (47.4) | ||
 Total pancreatectomy | 7 (8.6) | 4 (4.0) | 1 (3.9) | 0 | ||
 Distal pancreatectomy | 29 (35.8) | 32 (32.3) | 9 (34.6) | 8 (42.1) | ||
Location | ||||||
 Head | 44 (54.3) | 63 (63.6) | 0.205 | 16 (61.5) | 11 (57.9) | 0.805 |
 Neck, body and tail | 37 (45.7) | 36 (36.4) | 10 (38.5) | 8 (42.1) | ||
 Size (mm, median, interquartile range) | 26.0 (19.8–31.2) | 23.5 (19.0–31.8) | 0.885 | 24.4 (16.7–28.9) | 29.2 (21.3–35.3) | 0.044 |
Vascular invasion | ||||||
 No | 50 (61.7) | 60 (60.6) | 0.878 | 19 (73.1) | 11 (57.9) | 0.286 |
 Yes | 31 (38.3) | 39 (39.4) | 7 (26.9) | 8 (42.1) | ||
Organ invasion | ||||||
 No | 72 (88.9) | 86 (86.9) | 0.681 | 22 (84.6) | 15 (78.0) | 0.704 |
 Yes | 9 (11.1) | 13 (13.1) | 4 (15.4) | 4 (21.1) | ||
CT-reported LN status | ||||||
 Negative | 61 (75.3) | 57 (57.6) | 0.013 | 19 (73.1) | 9 (47.4) | 0.079 |
 Positive | 20 (24.7) | 42 (42.4) | 7 (26.9) | 10 (52.6) | ||