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Table 2 Lymphoma type, sites of primary disease, intraorbital disease appearance, and sites of neurolymphomatosis involvement in patients with neurolymphomatosis in the orbit associated with lymphoma

From: Primary disease sites and patterns of spread in cases of neurolymphomatosis in the orbit associated with lymphoma

Patient

Lymphoma type

Site(s) of primary disease

orbital /periorbital disease appearance

Site(s) of NL involvementa

1

DLBCL

Maxillary sinus

Spread to V2

V2, PPF

2

DLBCL

Face

Spread to V2

V2, PPF

3

DLBCL

Masticator space, neck

Spread to PPF

V2, V3, PPF, CS, MC

4

DLBCL

Face

Spread to V2

V2

5

DLBCL

Orbital/

Mass involving lacrimal gland, face, and lateral orbit

V2, PPF, VC

face

6

DLBCL

Maxillary sinus/

Maxillary sinus mass with spread to orbit

V2, PPF, VC

orbit

7

DLBCL

Orbit, neck, and chest wall

Orbital mass

V2, PPF

8

DLBCL

Forehead/eyebrow

Spread to V1

V1

9

DLBCL

Face

Spread to V2

V2, PPF, CS, MC

10

Marginal zone

Orbit

Lacrimal gland and posterior orbital mass

II, V1, V2, PPF, CS, MC

11

Marginal zone

Orbit, skull base

Infiltrative disease involving orbit and extraocular muscles

II, V1, V2, PPF, CS, VC, MC

12

Marginal zone

Orbit

mass posterior orbit

II, V2, V3, PPF, CS

13

Low-grade B-cell

Masticator space, sphenoid bone, orbit

Masticator mass with spread to orbit

V2, PPF, CS

14

Low-grade B-cell

Orbit, nasopharynx, neck

Posterior orbital mass

V1, V2, V3, PPF, CS, VC

15

Mantle cell

Neck and chest

CN involvement

II, V2, PPF

16

Mantle cell

Chest node

CN involvement

V2, V3, PPF, MC

17

CLL/SLL

Abdomen

CN involvement

V1, V2, PPF, CS

18

NK/T-cell

Orbit, face, nasal cavity, nasopharynx

Infiltrative disease involving nasal cavity and orbit

V2, V3, VII, PPF, CS, MC

  1. aBold italic font denotes bilateral involvement
  2. CLL/SLL chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, CN cranial nerve, CS cavernous sinus, DLBCL diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, MC Meckel’s cave, NK ntural killer, PPF pterygopalatine fossa, VC vidian canal