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Table 3 CT features and pathological results of SSNs in derivation and validation cohorts

From: A CT-based nomogram for predicting the risk of adenocarcinomas in patients with subsolid nodule according to the 2021 WHO classification

Characteristics

Derivation cohort (N=423)

Validation cohort (N=258)

Precursor glandular lesions (N=110)

Adenocarcinomas (N=313)

t/Z/χ2

P value

precursor glandular lesions (N=72)

Adenocarcinomas (N=186)

t/Z/χ2

P value

Lesion Size (mm)

8.25 ± 1.96

12.41 ± 5.27

-11.824a

<0.001

8.09 ± 1.90

12.54 ± 5.31

-9.899a

<0.001

Mean CT value (HU)

-603.38 ± 93.89

-502.02 ± 132.98

-8.671a

<0.001

-592.19 ± 89.64

-495.54 ± 133.15

-6.719a

<0.001

Volume (cm3)

0.24 (0.14, 0.38)

0.43 (0.25, 1.05)

-7.325b

<0.001

0.20 (0.13, 0.31)

0.45 (0.24, 1.02)

-6.566b

<0.001

Mass (g)

0.09 (0.05, 0.15)

0.21 (0.11, 0.48)

-8.919b

<0.001

0.08 (0.05, 0.13)

0.21 (0.11, 0.48)

-7.688b

<0.001

Vascular change

  

70.399c

<0.001

  

49.756c

<0.001

 Present

3 (2.7%)

148 (47.3%)

  

2 (2.8%)

93 (50.0%)

  

 Absent

107 (97.3%)

165 (52.7%)

  

70 (97.2%)

93 (50.0%)

  

Bronchiole change

  

14.838c

<0.001

  

9.121c

0.003

 Present

7 (6.4%)

72 (23.0%)

  

6 (8.3%)

47 (25.3%)

  

 Absent

103 (93.6%)

241 (77.0%)

  

66 (91.7%)

139 (74.7%)

  

Lobulation

  

75.580c

<0.001

  

48.237c

<0.001

 Present

4 (3.6%)

158 (50.5%)

  

4 (5.6%)

98 (52.7%)

  

 Absent

106 (96.4%)

155 (49.5%)

  

68 (94.4%)

88 (47.3%)

  

Bubble

  

3.047c

0.081

  

0.843c

0.359

 present

11 (10.0%)

53 (16.9%)

  

7 (9.7%)

26 (14.0%)

  

 Absent

99 (90.0%)

260 (83.1%)

  

65 (90.3%)

160 (86.0%)

  

Pleural attachment

  

13.755c

<0.001

  

7.412c

0.006

 Present

23 (20.9%)

127 (40.6%)

  

14 (19.4%)

69 (37.1%)

  

 Absent

87 (79.1%)

186 (59.4%)

  

58 (80.6%)

117 (62.9%)

  

Spiculation

  

4.616c

0.032

  

2.844c

0.092

 Present

11 (10.0%)

59 (18.8%)

  

7 (9.7%)

34 (18.3%)

  

 Absent

99 (90.0%)

254 (81.2%)

  

65 (90.3%)

152 (81.7%)

  

Lesion-lung interface

  

16.517c

<0.001

  

9.119c

0.003

 Clear

89 (80.9%)

186 (59.4%)

  

59 (81.9%)

116 (62.4%)

  

 Blurry

21 (19.1%)

127 (40.6%)

  

13 (18.1%)

70 (37.6%)

  
  1. at value; bZ value; cχ2 value