Fig. 3

Case of TIPS. A 53-year-old male patient with a primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with a diameter of 3 cm. He had experienced a repeated diuretic therapy because of his refractory ascites. a, b Ascites and tumor before transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). The Child–Pugh score and Child–Pugh stage were 9 and (B), respectively. c TIPS was completed. d Two weeks after TIPS, a microwave ablation treatment was implemented. e, f One month after TIPS, the reevaluated Child–Pugh score and Child–Pugh stage were 7 and (B) respectively. The overall survival of the patient exceeded four years, and he is still alive