Characteristic | Primary Cohort | p | Validation Cohort | p | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LN Metastasis (+) | LN Metastasis (−) | LN Metastasis (+) | LN Metastasis (−) | |||
Age, mean ± SD, years | 58.75 ± 10.07 | 56.95 ± 10.44 | 0.348 | 59.12 ± 9.69 | 57.75 ± 10.13 | 0.667 |
Gender, No. (%) | 0.647 | Â | Â | 0.767 | ||
 Male | 35 (67.3) | 47 (71.2) |  | 10 (58.8) | 13 (54.2) |  |
 Female | 17 (33.7) | 19 (28.8) |  | 7 (41.2) | 11 (45.8) |  |
CEA level, No (%) | 0.185 | Â | Â | 0.273 | ||
 Normal | 41 (78.8) | 58 (87.9) |  | 10 (58.8) | 18 (75.0) |  |
 Abnormal | 11 (21.2) | 8 (12.1) |  | 7 (41.2) | 6 (25.0) |  |
CA19–9 level, No (%) | 0.116 |  |  | 0.529 | ||
 Normal | 13 (25.0) | 9 (13.6) |  | 5 (29.4) | 5 (20.8) |  |
 Abnormal | 39 (75.0) | 57 (86.4) |  | 12 (70.6) | 19 (79.2) |  |
TBIL level, No (%) | 0.281 | Â | Â | 0.729 | ||
 Normal | 19 (36.5) | 18 (27.3) |  | 4 (23.5) | 8 (33.3) |  |
 Abnormal | 33 (63.5) | 48 (72.7) |  | 13 (76.5) | 16 (66.7) |  |
Lesion location, No (%) | 0.595 | Â | Â | 0.262 | ||
 Head | 43 (82.7) | 52 (78.8) |  | 15 (88.2) | 17 (70.8) |  |
 Body or tail | 9 (17.3) | 14 (21.2) |  | 2 (11.8) | 7 (29.2) |  |
CT-reported LN status, No (%) | 0.020* | Â | Â | 0.019* | ||
 LN- positive | 34 (65.4) | 29 (43.9) |  | 12 (70.6) | 8 (33.3) |  |
 LN- negative | 18 (34.6) | 37 (56.1) |  | 5 (29.4) | 16 (66.7) |  |
Pathological grade | 0.008* | Â | Â | 0.022* | ||
 Well | 8 (15.4) | 22 (33.3) |  | 3 (17.6) | 11 (45.8) |  |
 Moderately | 17 (32.7) | 24 (36.4) |  | 6 (35.3) | 9 (37.5) |  |
 Poorly | 27 (51.9) | 20 (30.3) |  | 8 (47.1) | 4 (16.7) |  |