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Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analyses of clinical and CT parameters in predicting MVI

From: Prediction of microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma: value of volumetric iodine quantification using preoperative dual-energy computed tomography

Parameters

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

Odds ratio (95% CI)

P-value

Odds ratio (95% CI)

P-value

Age (>  60 years)

0.63 (0.16–2.41)

0.50

  

Sex (Female)

0.70 (0.16–2.98)

0.63

  

Staging of hepatic fibrosis (Stage 4)

1.44 (0.38–5.57)

0.59

  

AFP (>  8.7 ng/ml)

2.67 (0.65–10.88)

0.17

  

PIVKA-II (>  40 mAU/mL)

4.38 (1.03–18.63)

0.05

2.71 (0.47–15.58)

0.26

Edmondson-Steiner grade of HCC (III)

4.75 (0.95–23.85)

0.06

5.64 (0.67–47.25)

0.11

Total volume of HCC (>  4.5 ml)

2.16 (0.54–8.57)

0.27

  

Maximal diameter of HCC (>  32 mm)

4.53 (1.06–19.41)

0.04

4.04 (0.67–24.37)

0.13

Peritumoral enhancement

3.15 (0.78–12.73)

0.11

  

Nonsmooth tumor margin

3.00 (0.72–12.55)

0.13

  

NIC of outer layer 1 (> 0.082 mg/ml)

6.42 (1.37–30.05)

0.02

7.14 (1.12–45.40)

0.04

  1. Abbreviations: MVI microvascular invasion, AFP Alpha-fetoprotein, PIVKA-II Protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II, NIC normalized iodine concentration, VOI volume of interest, CI confidence interval