Table 4 Comparison of qualitative and quantitative Gd-DTPA enhancement MR imaging features according to MVI

Dynamic enhancement pattern

 Progressive

27 (79.41)

56 (75.68)

 Wash in-wash out

4 (11.76)

9 (12.16)

 Other

3 (8.82)

9 (12.16)

Arterial phase enhancement pattern

 Edged enhancement (ring high signal)

28 (82.35)

62 (83.78)

 Overall enhancement (high signal)

1 (2.94)

11 (14.86)

 Partial enhancement (mixed signal)

2 (5.88)

0 (0)

 No/mild enhancement (low signal)

3 (8.82)

1 (1.35)

Dot−/band-like enhancement inside the tumor

26 (76.47)

44 (59.46)

Absent

8 (23.53)

30 (40.54)

Visible vessel penetration

25 (73.53)

42 (56.76)

Absent

9 (26.47)

32 (43.24)

Visible hepatic artery penetration

12 (35.29)

6 (8.11)

Absent

22 (64.71)

68 (91.89)

Visible portal vein penetration

15 (44.12)

29 (39.19)

Absent

19 (55.88)

45 (60.81)

Visible hepatic vein penetration

17 (50)

25 (33.78)

Absent

17 (50)

49 (66.22)

Peripheral hepatic enhancement

18 (52.94)

43 (58.11)

Absent

16 (47.06)

31 (41.89)

Maximum diameter (cm)^a

6.38 ± 3.06

4.45 ± 2.13

 Maximum diameter ≤ 5 cm^b

13 (38.24)

48 (64.86)

 Maximum diameter > 5 cm

21 (61.76)

26 (35.14)

Maximum enhancement edge-thickness in arterial phase (mm)^b

3.95 (2.5, 14.3)

8.9 (3.8, 17.1)

Arterial enhanced edge integrity

16 (47.06)

47 (63.51)

Arterial enhanced edge is incomplete

18 (52.94)

27 (36.49)

Arterial edge enhancement ratio (%)^b

9.47 (4.26, 27.22)

21.48 (11.46, 42.19)

Delayed phase enhancement ratio

 0 ≤ R < 1/4

5 (14.71)

10 (13.51)

 1/4 ≤ R < 2/4

1 (2.94)

2 (2.70)

 2/4 ≤ R < 3/4

5 (14.71)

10 (13.51)

 3/4 ≤ R ≤ 4/4

23 (67.65)

52 (70.27)