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Table 4 Univariate analysis of selected technique and lesion-related variables as risk factors for pulmonary hemorrhage

From: Accuracy and complications of CT-guided pulmonary core biopsy in small nodules: a single-center experience

 

Pulmonary hemorrhage (n = 123)

No pulmonary hemorrhage (n= 75)

P-value

Needle path length from pleura to the target (mm) (mean ± SD)

23.5 ± 17.0

8.6 ± 13.5

< 0.001

Nodule size (mm) (mean ± SD)

27.0± 15.2

38.8 ± 22.1

< 0.001

Target location

  

0.089

 Upper/ middle lobes

79

39

 

 Lower lobes

44

36

 

Number of sampling (mean ± SD)

2.2 ± 1.0

2.0 ± 1.0

0.152

Pleural contact

  

< 0.001

 Yes

42

58

 

 No

81

17

 

Lung function (If available)

  

0.034

 Normal lung function

23

9

 

 Obstructive lung function

22

9

 

 Restrictive lung function

12

16

 

Patient postures

  

0.003

 Prone

52

50

 

 Supine

67

21

 

 Lateral decubitus

4

4

 
  1. SD standard deviation