Table 1 Staging of oesophageal cancer — TNM system
T0 | No evidence of primary tumour | ||
Tis | Carcinoma in situ | ||
T1 | Tumour invades lamina propria or submucosa | ||
T2 | Tumour invades muscularis propria | ||
T3 | Tumour invades adventitia | ||
T4 | Tumour invades adjacent structures | ||
N0 | No regional nodes | ||
N1 | Regional nodal metastases — cervical, mediastinal and perigastric | ||
M0 | No distant spread | ||
M1 | Distant spread | ||
Lower oesophagus | |||
M1a — metastases in coeliac nodes, M1b — distant metastases | |||
Upper oesophagus | |||
M1a — metastases in cervical nodes, M1b — distant metastases | |||
Mid-oesophagus | |||
M1a — not apply, M1b — non regional nodes, distant metastases | |||
Stage | |||
0 | Tis | N0 | M0 |
1 | T1 | N0 | M0 |
11A | T2 | N0 | M0 |
T3 | N0 | M0 | |
11B | T1 | N1 | M0 |
T2 | N1 | M0 | |
111 | T3 | N1 | M0 |
T4 | N0/1 | M0 | |
IV | T1-4 | N0/1 | M1 |