Table 5 Univariable and multivariable Firth logistic regression analyses for factors associated with ONCO-RADS ≥ 4

Age, yr

2064

1.056 (1.028–1.086)

< 0.001

1.035 (1.004–1.068)

0.029 *

Male

1120

0.9666 (0.531–1.757)

0.909

Height, cm

2064

0.982 (0.954–1.01)

0.212

Weight, kg

2064

1.001 (1–1.003)

0.067

Body mass index, kg/m²

2064

1.004 (1–1.008)

0.06

1.003 (0.999–1.007)

0.163

Systolic blood pressure, mmHg

2064

1.007 (0.993–1.023)

0.331

Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg

2064

1.005 (0.975–1.035)

0.767

Heart rate, bpm

2064

1.004 (0.999–1.009)

0.131

Hypertension

466

3.078 (1.687–5.618)

< 0.001

2.051 (1.086–3.868)

0.026 *

Coronary artery disease

144

1.148 (0.38–3.468)

0.806

Diabetes mellitus

185

1.457 (0.589–3.608)

0.415

Hepatitis B carrier

196

2.694 (1.294–5.611)

0.008

2.584 (1.222–5.467)

0.013 *

Hepatitis C

17

4.29 (0.785–23.455)

0.093

2.303 (0.4–13.247)

0.35

Cancer cured for ≥ 5 yrs

51

3.516 (1.138–10.87)

0.029

1.162 (0.35–3.855)

0.806

Surgical history

372

4.991 (2.733–9.114)

< 0.001

3.787 (1.992–7.197)

< 0.001 *

Family history of cancer

863

1.219 (0.67–2.218)

0.517