From: The role of imaging in the management of primary pleural malignancies
Stage | Butchart system | ‘Brigham’ system |
---|---|---|
I | Tumour confined within the ‘capsule’ of the parietal pleura, i.e. ipsilateral lung, pericardium | Disease completed resected within the capsule of the parietal pleura without adenopathy; ipsilateral pleura, lung, pericardium, diaphragm, or chest-wall disease limited to previous biopsy sites |
II | Tumour invading chest wall or involving mediastinal structures, e.g. oesophagus, heart; intrathoracic nodal involvement | All of stage I with positive resection margins and/or intrapleural adenopathy |
III | Tumour penetrating diaphragm to involve peritoneum directly, extrathoracic nodal involvement | Local extension of disease into chest wall or mediastinum, heart, or through diaphragm, peritoneum, or with extrapleural lymph node involvement |
IV | Distant haematogenous metastases | Distant metastatic disease |